the torus

measure the approximate width of the torus curves, this preparation is the most important part of the process, it would guide us how to beat the metal at the right position.

bend the metal sheet to fit on the round stake. Another key point of successfully make a torus, kept the  metal sheet attach on the round stake while beating the central curve.

After finished the curve on the central axis,  we could begin to beat the two boundaries.

Finished